Features of measuring deformations of load-bearing structures of buildings during their field and laboratory tests under the action of static and dynamic loads
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The peculiarities of measuring the deformations of load-bearing structures of buildings during their field and laboratory tests using strain gauge-based sensors are considered. An overview of various problematic issues that arise in the process of conducting experimental tests and affect the measurement results is given. The most common, which affect the accuracy of measurements, are the effects of temperature, humidity, and vibration; the difficulty of calibrating and mounting strain gauges on different surfaces of elements; complexity of measurement data processing; combination of high-quality work of strain gauges, cable conductors, measuring equipment, data collection and processing system; the selection of the connection scheme of tensor resistors in the Wheatstone bridge.
The peculiarities of the organization of the experiment for testing the load-bearing structures of the building, namely pile foundations, are considered, and the main problematic issues when using strain gauges as strain gauges of building elements are given.
The use of strain gauges to measure deformations of load-bearing structures of buildings is one of the common methods, which has many advantages, which are discussed in detail in the work. Strain gauges can be used to measure deformations of elements that are mechanically connected to them. They have high measurement accuracy, sensitivity to element deformation, and a wide variable measurement range.
The advantages of using the Wheatstone bridge to measure the change in electrical resistance are highlighted, as this method allows measuring very small values of the change in resistance. Methods of connecting tensor resistors according to the Wheatstone scheme are considered, the choice of which depends on the purpose of the study and the required accuracy. One of the easiest ways is to connect just one strain gauge to a current or voltage source and measure the change in resistance. But this method has low sensitivity and does not compensate for the effect of temperature. A more accurate way is to connect two or four tensor resistors in the Wheatstone bridge circuit, which allows you to measure the voltage change on the diagonal of the bridge. The bridge circuit has a high sensitivity and can compensate for the effect of temperature if the tensor resistors have the same coefficient of temperature dependence of the resistance.
An algorithm for measuring the deformations of a metal pipe working under compression using strain gauges has been developed.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors are published in this journal, agree to the following conditions:
Authors reserve the right to authorship of their work and transfer the journal the right of the first publication of this work under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows other persons to freely distribute published work with mandatory reference to authors original work and the first publication of work in this journal.
The authors have the right to enter into independent additional agreements on the non-exclusive dissemination of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal (for example, to post work in the electronic repository of the institution or to publish as part of a monograph), provided that the reference to the first publication of the work in this journal is maintained.
The journal's policy allows and encourages the authors to place the manuscript of the work on the Internet (for example, in the institutions' storehouses or on personal websites), both for presenting this manuscript to the editorial office and during its editorial processing, as this contributes to the creation of productive scientific discussion and positively affects the efficiency and dynamics of citing the published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
References
Ремонт і підсилення несучих і огороджувальних будівельних конструкцій та основ будівель і споруд: ДСТУ Б В.3.1-2:2016. – К.: ДП «УкрНДНЦ», 2017. – 68 с.
Кузьмич Л.В. Оптимізація вимірювальних засобів напружено-деформованого стану за допомогою тензодатчиків / Л.В. Кузь-мич, Д.П. Орнатський, В.П. Квасніков // Науково-технічний журнал «Авіаційно-космічна техніка і технологія». – Харків: ХАІ, 2019. – Вип. 3(155). – С.50-56. doi: 10.32620/aktt.2019.3.06.
Кузьмич Л.В. Методи та засоби вимірювання напружень та деформацій складних конструкцій приладовою системою: дис. ... д-ра техн. наук: 05.11.01 / Кузьмич Людмила Володимирівна. – К.: КПІ, 2019. – 335с.
Долгов М.А., Пискунов С.О. Мiцнiсть та руйнування елементів конструкцій. Час-тина 1. Фізичні основи міцності та вико-ристання тензометрії для визначення напруженого стану елементів конструкцій: Навч. посіб. – Київ: НТУУ «КПІ iменi Iго-ря Сiкорського», 2022. – 44 с.
Sakharov V. In situ Pile tests – 2019 project. Methodology and results / V. Sakharov, W.Szajna, I.Boyko // Proceedings of the Third International Conference «Challenges in geotechnical engineering» and of the Project «PILE TESTS – 2019». – Zielona Góra, 2019. – С.49-50.
Remont i pidsylennia nesuchykh i ohorodzhuvalnykh budivelnykh konstruktsii ta osnov budivel i sporud: DSTU B V.3.1-2:2016 [Repair and strengthening of load-bearing and enclosing building structures and foundations of buildings and structures]. (2017). Kyiv: DP «UkrNDNTs», 68 (in Ukrainian).
Kuzmych, L.V., Ornatskyi, D.P., Kvasnikov, V.P. (2019). Optymizatsiia vymiriuvalnykh zasobiv napruzheno-deformovanoho stanu za dopomohoiu tenzodatchykiv [Optimization of the instruments of the measurement of a stressed-deformed state by tensors]. Naukovo-tekhnichnyi zhurnal «Aviatsiino-kosmichna tekhnika i tekhnolohiia», Kharkiv: KhAI, 3(155), 50-56. (in Ukrainian). DOI: 10.32620/aktt.2019.3.06.
Kuzmych, L.V. (2019). Metody ta zasoby vymiriuvannia napruzhen ta deformatsii skladnykh konstruktsii pryladovoiu systemoiu [Methods and tools of measuring stresses and deformations of complex structures by instrument system]. Dys. doktora tekhn. nauk: 05.11.01. Kyiv: KPI, 335 (in Ukrainian).
Dolhov, M.A., Pyskunov, S.O. (2022). Mitsnist ta ruinuvannia elementiv konstruktsii. Chastyna 1. Fizychni osnovy mitsnosti ta vykorystannia tenzometrii dlia vyznachennia napruzhenoho stanu elementiv konstruktsii [Strength and destruction of structural elements. Part 1. Physical foundations of strength and the use of tensometry to determine the stress state of structural elements]. Navch. posib. Kyiv: NTUU «KPI imeni Ihoria Sikorskoho», 44. (in Ukrainian).
Sakharov, V, Szajna, W, Boyko, I. (2019). In situ Pile tests – 2019 project. Methodology and results. Proceedings of the Third International Conference «Challenges in geotechnical engineering» and of the Project «PILE TESTS – 2019». Zielona Góra, 49-50.